Australia’s social media ban for children under 16 will come into effect this Wednesday, Dec. 10. Platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, Snapchat, and YouTube have already begun disabling users’ accounts to comply with the new law.
Approved by Australia’s Senate earlier this year, the Online Safety Amendment (Social Media Minimum Age) Act requires social media platforms to take “reasonable steps” to prevent Australians under 16 from holding accounts. A platform will be subject to this requirement if its primary purpose is to enable online social interaction between multiple users, it allows them to interact with some or all other users, and it lets them post content.
“Delaying children’s access to social media accounts gives them valuable time to learn and grow, free of the powerful, unseen forces of harmful and deceptive design features such as opaque algorithms and endless scroll,” said Australia’s eSafety Commissioner Julie Inman Grant in a statement last month.
“But I’ve also said consistently that age restricting social media is one important tool in our holistic approach to online safety. Ultimately, all online platforms should be building less harmful, age-appropriate experiences through safety by design.”
Failure to comply with Australia’s new law could see social media platforms slapped with fines of up to $AU49.5 million ($US33 million). Fortunately, the legislation is specifically targeted at tech companies, and neither children nor their caregivers will be penalised if they circumvent a platform’s restrictions to access social media anyway. Parents are reportedly already helping children evade the ban by using their own credentials, while a poll found almost a third would be willing to assist their child in getting around the restrictions on YouTube.
Nevertheless, Australia’s new law means social media platforms must work to prohibit account holders under 16. Here’s how they’re responding.
Facebook, Instagram, and Threads
Credit: Meta
Last Thursday, Meta began removing access to Facebook, Instagram, and Threads accounts belonging to Australians under 16, as well as blocking them from creating new ones. They will still be able to use Messenger, which doesn’t fall under Australia’s social media ban, but without a connected Facebook account.
Meta stated that impacted users will be given the option to download their content before the ban comes into effect. They will also be prompted to update their contact information, enabling Meta to reach out and reinstate their accounts once they turn 16. If they are mistakenly caught up in the ban, users can verify their age through third-party provider Yoti, or by providing their government ID or a video selfie.
Though Meta is working to comply with the ban, aiming to remove all impacted users from its services by Dec. 10, the tech giant has made clear that it doesn’t agree with it. Meta has instead argued for legislation requiring app stores obtain parents’ approval before allowing children under 16 to download apps. This solution would have parents establish a child’s age and relevant restrictions while setting up their phone, rather than require them to complete age verification multiple times for different apps.
“Teens are resourceful, and may attempt to circumvent age assurance measures to access restricted services,” Meta wrote in a November blog post. “Realistically, we can only do so much to determine age without requiring everyone to provide a government ID — which isn’t safe, poses significant privacy risks, and could lead to identity theft.”
TikTok
Credit: Mashable composite: TikTok
TikTok also addressed the ban last week, stating that it will deactivate the accounts of Australian users between the age of 13 and 15. (The video sharing app already does not allow users under 13.) Further, any content they have published will no longer be visible to other users.
Impacted users will be given the option to download their information, and can either confirm that they are 16 or older, let their account be deactivated, or delete it entirely. If they choose not to delete their account, they can sign up for a reminder that it is available to them again once they turn 16.
TikTok states that it uses multiple methods to verify users’ ages, including credit card authorisation, providing government ID documents, and employing facial age estimation services from Yoti.
“Every day, we suspend thousands of accounts globally because we don’t think our age requirements have been met,” wrote TikTok. “We also encourage parents to have conversations with their teens to make sure they have been truthful about their age. If an Australian parent believes their teen may have provided an incorrect date of birth, they can report this in-app and online. We understand that these changes may be upsetting, but they are necessary to ensure that TikTok complies with Australian law.”
Snapchat
Snapchat has argued against its classification as an age-restricted social media service, claiming that 75 percent of time Australians spend on the app is messaging and calling. Nevertheless, the Australian government maintains that Snapchat falls under the ban’s purview, forcing the video sharing app to comply.
From Dec. 10, Snapchat will lock accounts belonging to Australians under 16. Notably, this is distinct from deactivating them. Locked accounts will remain locked for three years, unless the user verifies that they have turned 16 and has it reinstated. Users can verify their age via third-party provider k-ID, either by providing their government ID or by submitting to facial age estimation. Alternatively, users can complete age verification by connecting their Australian bank account.
Once the three-year lock expires, impacted users’ Snapchat accounts will be deactivated. Deactivation gives users 30 days to download their data, which is then permanently deleted after 60 days. Fortunately, Snapchat users can still download their data while their account is locked, giving them three years to do so. Snapchat has also reminded users to cancel any subscriptions they may have to Snapchat+ or Memories+ via the App Store or Play Store.
Mashable Light Speed
Unfortunately, Australian teens’ Snapchat Streaks won’t be preserved while their accounts are locked.
“[D]isconnecting teens from their friends and family doesn’t make them safer — it may push them to less safe, less private messaging apps,” said Snap. “We continue to advocate for more privacy-conscious solutions, such as mandating age verification at the device, operating system, or app store level.”
YouTube
Credit: Google
YouTube was poised to get an exemption from the ban earlier this year, with owner Google arguing that it is “a video sharing platform, not a social media service, that offers benefit and value to younger Australians.” This exemption was subsequently reversed in July, forcing YouTube to ban Australians under 16.
As a result, YouTube will automatically sign out all Australian users under 16 on Dec. 10, including supervised pre-teen and teen accounts. These users’ YouTube channels will become inaccessible from this date, preventing them from uploading, commenting on, or monetising videos. Their channels will also no longer be visible to others. YouTube Kids will not be impacted by the ban.
Users can download their YouTube and Youtube Music data via Google Takeout, as well as permanently delete their channel if they so choose. If they don’t delete it, Google will hold on to their data until they turn 16 and can re-enable their account, reinstating their uploads and comments.
Significantly, YouTube does allow users to view content without logging in. As such, the ban primarily impacts the ability for YouTube users to upload content, as well as access features such as likes, subscriptions, private playlists, and memberships.
“As the Social Media Minimum Age Act requires kids to use YouTube without an account, it removes the very parental controls and safety filters built to protect them — it will not make kids safer on our platform,” said Google. “These are the unfortunate consequences of a rushed legislative process that failed to allow for adequate consultation and consideration of the real complexities of online safety regulation.”
Twitch
Like YouTube, Twitch initially seemed as though it would get an exemption from Australia’s social media ban. This changed late last month, when the Australian government added it to its banned social media list.
Twitch has not yet announced what steps it will be taking to specifically comply with Australia’s new laws. However, the platform already does not allow users under the age of 13, and has minimum age requirements which vary by region. In addition to requesting users’ birth dates when they create an account, Twitch enforces these age limits via on-device facial age estimation conducted by k-ID.
As such, it seems likely that Twitch may request Australian users use such methods to verify their age when logging in, as well as when they sign up for a new account. Twitch streams are still available to watch without logging in, however viewers won’t be able to access features such as chatting and subscribing.
Though Reddit is reportedly gearing up to challenge Australia’s social media ban in court, it will likely be a while before any potential action bears fruit. In the meantime, u/LastBlueJay from Reddit’s Public Policy team has outlined how it is complying with Australia’s ban in a post to subreddit r/RedditSafety.
All Australians with Reddit accounts will be required to verify their age, both by supplying their birth date as well as via a third-party age verification service. Reddit states that this may involve supplying their government ID or taking a selfie. Accounts determined to belong to Australians under 16 will be suspended, though will have an opportunity to appeal and reattempt verification. (Reddit has always banned accounts for users under 13).
Interestingly, Reddit is also going one step further by implementing restrictions on users under 18 across the globe. These users will be served a version of Reddit with “more protective safety measures,” including stricter chat settings, no access to mature content, and no ad personalisation.
While Reddit is complying with the ban, u/LastBlueJay stated that the platform “disagree[s] about the scope, effectiveness, and privacy implications of this law.” Like both YouTube and Twitch, Reddit is still available for people to browse without being logged in, though users are not able to post, comment, or message others.
“We believe strongly in the open internet and the continued accessibility of quality knowledge, information, resources, and community building for everyone, including young people,” they wrote in their post on Tuesday. “This is why Reddit has always been, and continues to be, available for anyone to read even if they don’t have an account. By limiting account eligibility and putting identity tests on internet usage, this law undermines everyone’s right to both free expression and privacy, as well as account-specific protections.”
X
While the Australia-specific page of X’s Help Centre doesn’t explicitly mention the Dec. 10 ban, it does outline the microblogging platform’s policy regarding young Australians.
Regardless of location, X requires users to be at least 13 years old to have an account. Restrictions are placed on accounts for users aged between 13 and 18 by default, including making their posts only visible to their followers, and requiring them to approve new followers. They can also only receive direct messages from accounts they follow.
To determine users’ ages, X relies upon information such as their self-reported age, how long ago their account was created, and whether they have previously verified their identity via a third party. X uses both facial age estimation and government ID verification.
X doesn’t appear to have issued any further guidance specifically addressing Australia’s social media ban at time of writing. As such, it is currently unclear how it will respond to the ban, as its current measures do not appear to comply with its requirements.
“The X Rules enable minors to participate in the public conversation freely and safely, and minors should rely on the X Rules (and report to X) in order to protect themselves,” reads X’s Help Center page.
Kick
Australian livestreaming platform Kick has asked Australian users to verify their age via k-ID by the Dec. 10 deadline, stating that this is a mandatory requirement to continue using their service. Any accounts it determines are owned by those under 16 will be deactivated, though Kick states that users will have “clear review pathways” if they wish to appeal the decision.
“We believe in creating a safer online environment, and this change is driven by our duty of care to our users,” said Kick, addressing the social media ban in a post on their website last month. “By implementing age assurance, we fulfill our legal obligations under the Online Safety Act 2021 to reduce the risk of harm to young Australians. This proactive step helps enhance the safety and well-being of our younger community members by limiting their exposure to specific online risks, such as cyberbullying, inappropriate content, and unwanted contact.”
Which social media platforms are still available to Australians under 16?
Though many of the largest social media platforms will soon be off-limits to Australians under 16, not all of them are being banned.
As previously mentioned, Meta’s Messenger app will still be available, allowing kids to continue chatting to people they know. Meta’s other instant messaging app WhatsApp is also exempt, as is gaming-focused voice chat app Discord.
Video game Roblox is explicitly permitted, as is the LEGO Play app and video game storefront Steam. Other platforms that won’t be age-restricted are GitHub, Google Classroom, Pinterest, and YouTube Kids.
